Definition And Purpose

Topographical Mapping involved the survey of position and shape of natural and artificial features on the earth. These are then presented either in analogue (hard copy) or digital form. Topographical plan/map is used for design and planning purposes.

Methodology and Instrumentation

Topographical Mapping requires a network of control points (x,y,z) to be established over the area before the detailed survey of ground features can be carried out at the subsequent stages. These surveys are carried out by triangulation and trilateration technique or traversing using EDM/total station or using global positioning system. The detail topographical features are picked up using tachometric method using theodolite and staff or EDM/total station

The field data collected are then processed in office either manually or by electronic means. After appropriate cartographic treatment, the output of topographical plan/map can either be in analogue (hard copy) or digital format.

Eligibility Criteria

To ensure accountability and professionalism in the conduct of Hydrographic Survey it is a must that quality, regulatory and disciplinary control be imposed on firms involved in this filed. The proprietor or partners of these firms must therefore be professionally qualified as well as registered with the Land Surveyors Board